నైరూప్య

Review Paper on Second Order Statistics of Various Fading Channels

Vidhi Sharma, Dinesh Kumar Dhaka

Radio-wave propagation through wireless channel is a complicated phenomenon characterized by fading which is the result of multipath propagation. In wireless communication system, random process associated with fading channels can usually characterized by their PDF (Probability Density Function) and CDF (Cumulative Distribution Function). Signal fading can drastically affect the performance of terrestrial communication systems. Several statistical models are available for describing the fading envelope of the received signal in which Rayleigh, Rician and Nakagami are the most frequently applied models. Higher-order statistics such as Level Crossing Rate (LCR) & Average Fade Duration render (AFD) insight into signals which is not always available at lower orders.