నైరూప్య

Synthetically Modified Quorum Sensing (QS) Inhibitor: A Review

Ojo Stephen Kayode Simpa1*, Okunade Stephen Oyeoluwa1, Aliu Omotayo Rachael1, Adeyemo Michael Bolaji2

The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance of human and animal origin has become a major global public health challenge in the treatment of microbial infections. The discovery and development of novel drugs such as Quorum Sensing (QS) inhibitors are urgently needed to mitigate this problem, which has greatly undermined the clinical effectiveness of conventional antibiotics. QS Systems, which are cell-to-cell communications among bacteria, allow bacteria to adapt rapidly to unfavourable conditions in their environment, promoting the formation of antibiotic-tolerant biofilm communities. It is well known that QS enhances the recalcitrant mode of growth in biofilm formation and also increases bacterial resistance and virulence to conventional antibiotics. QS inhibitors can eliminate the QS signals and hinder biofilm formation, reduce bacterial virulence and prevent antimicrobial resistance by the pathogens. Natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic inhibitors have been identified as potential QS inhibitors in which synthetically modified QS inhibitors with lactone moieties can be designed as an alternative to conventional antibiotics. This review will expand drug design researchers and pharmaceutical companies knowledge base on the development of synthetically modified QS inhibitors and their applicability in treatment.